Copyright 2004 Nationwide News Pty Limited
Geelong
Advertiser (Regional Daily)
January 14, 2004 Wednesday
SECTION:
PERSPECTIVE; Pg. 27
LENGTH: 967 words
HEADLINE: Cold
blast;Bellamy dispels wind farm myths
BYLINE: DAVID BELLAMY
BODY:
The State Government's new Victorian Wind Atlas, spelling out
areas for
potential wind farm developments, is unlikely to please as many
people as it
likes. Leading environmentalist DAVID BELLAMY recently described
the
Government as mad for even considering wind farms on coast sites. Here,
he
dispels a few myths.
MYTH: Wind farms don't spoil the scenery
FACT: Wind farms have a fundamental visual impact on the landscape.
Current
models, with 70-metre hub heights and 60-plus metre rotor diameters,
are
taller than 30-storey buildings and as wide as a 747 jet. Even larger
models
are planned. Because they require exposed and open countryside, wind
farms
can be seen for many kilometres.
The development of wind farms
also usually involves the construction of many
miles of visually intrusive
service roads, transmission lines and pylons.
This is because most wind power
sites are in areas remote from the grid.
MYTH: Wind turbines do not harm
the countryside
FACT: Construction of these enormous industrial sites
involves considerable
environmental disruption and upheaval. Site access
roads must support the
large cranes needed for turbine construction,
maintenance and
decommissioning. Sites can require about 2000 tonnes of rock
and a kilometre
of access road.
MYTH: Wind farms are a good source of
electricity
FACT: Wind farms produce relatively small amounts of energy.
This is because
of the inherent difficulties of extracting power from the
wind and because
wind turbines cannot work if the wind is too light or too
strong. Studies
have found that wind turbines produce only 25-30% of their
theoretical
capacity (ie the amount they would generate in ideal conditions).
Two of the biggest wind farms in Europe are close to each other in
Powys,
Wales. Between them, they have 159 turbines and cover thousands of
acres of
land. Together they take a year to produce less than four days'
output from
a single 2000 MW conventional power station. Together, they have
an output
averaging 20 MW.
MYTH: Wind farms will let us close
conventional and nuclear power stations
FACT: Because the wind does not
blow all the time and is difficult to
predict, it cannot provide a reliable
source of power. This means that
conventional and nuclear power stations
can't simply be turned off just
because wind turbines are being put up.
Instead they have to be available as
back-up -- either running at less than
full capacity or in spinning reserve
-- in case the wind drops too low or
blows too hard for wind turbines to
function.
MYTH: Wind farms will
stop global warming
FACT: The current levels of growth in industrial
development, electricity
use, road and air traffic will swamp any impact it
might have on global
warming.
The fact that wind farms do little to
combat global warming is highlighted
by the situation in Denmark, which,
although it has the most developed wind
power infrastructure in Europe, still
has one of the continent's highest per
capita level of carbon dioxide
emissions.
MYTH: We need wind farms
FACT: We do not need wind
farms. There are many other more cost-effective
ways to combat global warming
and provide us with energy. These include
making present power stations more
efficient, controlling traffic and petrol
consumption, developing other types
of renewable energy and, most
importantly, investing heavily in energy
conservation.
Calculations show that the amount of energy produced by a
750 KW turbine
could be saved by insulating the roofs of fewer than 500
houses and that
saving pollution by insulation is 55 times more
cost-effective than saving
it by wind turbines.
Overall studies show
that energy saving could feasibly and cost-effectively
cut the amount of
energy used in the UK by 30 per cent, making a significant
impact on global
warming and eliminating the need for wind turbines.
Ploughing the subsidies
given to wind power into promoting this scale of
energy conservation would
also create many tens of thousands of local jobs.
MYTH: Wind farms
produce free electricity
FACT: The development of wind power around the
world has been heavily
subsidised and grant-aided. In the UK, the wholesale
price of electricity
from wind turbines has been up to four times the price
of
conventionally-generated electricity. The cost of this system is passed
on
to electricity consumers and already costs tens of millions of pounds
a
year.
MYTH: Wind farms have no impact on people
FACT: Many
people living near wind turbines find their lives are blighted by
the
background noise of the turbines. Wind turbines also produce other
annoying
effects, such as the disruption of television reception, shadow
flicker,
strobing and light reflections. Turbines have been known to catch
on fire and
to throw lumps of ice from their blades.
In the most extreme cases,
people have experienced stress and other mental
problems.
MYTH: Wind
farms provide jobs and do not affect tourism
FACT: After the initial
employment opportunities provided in its
construction, a wind farm actually
requires few people for day-to-day
maintenance.
If the subsidies
going into renewables were diverted to energy conservation,
tens of thousands
of jobs would also be created at a stroke, and far more
emissions would be
saved.
There is evidence that wind farms could threaten the tourist
industry, a
vital part of the rural economy.
Many tourism agencies
have criticised wind farm developments and it is more
than likely that once
wind turbines stop being a novelty and start to
dominate our landscapes in
ever-increasing numbers, they will drive tourists
away.
MYTH: People
want wind farms
FACT: Many, many people do not want wind farms. One
symptom of this dislike
is the fact that estate agents report that wind farms
can dramatically
decrease property values.
LOAD-DATE: January 13,
2004